Solomon was the third king of Israel, after King Saul and King David. He was the son of David, through Bathsheba, whom he had lusted after and took her despite her marriage. Solomon was not the child of this sin but a later child.
He describes himself has a child when he first takes the thrown and, after sacrificing one thousand offerings in a day, the LORD appears to him in a dream. He asks only for wisdom to oversee the nation. The LORD is pleased with this and grants him wisdom, wealth, and a long life. In 1 Kings 4, we see the layout of his kingdom and his wealth.
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